(1978) were often criticized as "trash" or "dangerous" for potentially titillating audiences. However, fourth-wave feminism has reclaimed the genre, with modern films like The Nightingale Promising Young Woman
The term is also used colloquially to describe transgressive "extreme" films that depict sexual assault with unflinching, often controversial realism, such as Gaspar Noé’s Irreversible 4. Critical Frameworks rape cinema
A subversion of the revenge trope that avoids showing the act of violence, focusing instead on the social structures that protect perpetrators. (1978) were often criticized as "trash" or "dangerous"